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WORTHING CHESS CLUB
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David Armstrong and his link to Lasker, Pillsbury and Blackburne
by John Knott
From the 1960s until the 1980s one of the strongest members of the Club was David Armstrong, who is referred to in Brian Denman's History narrative elsewhere on this website. David's father, Jack Roy Armstrong, was the author of a book on the history of Sussex and was the founder of the open-air museum of timber-framed buildings at Singleton, now known as the Weald and Downland Living Museum. David's family lived on the outskirts of Storrington, by good fortune not far from where a noted English chess player moved to in 1950, when David was in his teens.
That player was Thomas Francis Lawrence (1871-1953), a seven-times Champion of the City of London Chess Club, and who, although a chess amateur (he worked for the Prudential Assurance Company), had beaten leading players of that era including Pillsbury and Blackburne; had drawn against Chigorin and World Champion Emanuel Lasker; and had represented England in many of the Trans-Atlantic Cable Matches around the start of the 20th century. David was introduced to Lawrence and benefited greatly by playing a number of games with him.
I first met David in the late 1960s and knew him for almost 50 years. He had been associated with the Club since its days at the Rivoli Cinema, and continued when the Club moved, first to the Connaught Theatre and then to a room at the Dome Cinema, and in the late 1970s to the Chatsworth Hotel.
In 1975, when the Club still met in a room at the Dome Cinema, David and I competed over a period of several weeks in an unusual match of ten games, in which we both played blindfold at the rate of 25 minutes for all the moves in a game. The result was four wins each and two draws. A satisfying feature was that there was never any dispute as to where the pieces were, despite some of the games reaching 35 moves or more. Game scores were not kept at the time, but I recorded them on returning home, and a few have survived. This is one of David's wins.
White: John Knott
Black: David Armstrong
Event: Both players blindfold, Played at Worthing Chess Club, 13 June, 1975
Time Control: All moves in 25 minutes
Opening: B96: Sicilian Najdorf
1.e4 c5
2.Nf3 d6
3.d4 cxd4
4.Nxd4 Nf6
5.Nc3 a6
6.Bg5 ...
The sharpest line against the Najdorf.
6. ... e6
7.f4 Qc7
8.Qf3 Nbd7
9.O-O-O b5
10.a3 Bb7
Later theory preferred 10...Rb8.
11.g4 Be7
12.Bxf6 gxf6
The more usual capture by the bishop, 12....Bxf6, would have allowed either 13.g5 or the ultra sharp 13.Bxb5+!? axb5, 14.Ndxb5 with the possible continuation ... Qb6, 15. Nxd6+ Kf8, 16.Nxb7 Bxc3. 17.Qxc3 Qxb7, 18.Qd4 with about equal chances, although Black would have some difficulty in completing his development.
13.h4 ...
Preparing g4-g5. Sharper was 13.f5.
13.... O-O-O
14.Bh3 ...
This was the original idea, fighting against the e6-square; but that is more appropriate when Black castles on the kingside. Now, the bishop would probably be more useful on the long diagonal.
14.... Kb8
15.Rhe1 Nb6
16.Qf2 Nc4
17.Na2 ...
Black was threatening ...Nxa3, but a better way of meeting this would have been 17.Rd3.
17. ... d5
18.exd5 Bxd5
19.Kb1 ...

Position after 19.Kb1
19. ... Bc5
Instead, a sharp try was 19..... Nxb2, 20.Kxb2 Bxa3+ 21.Kb1 (Not 21.Kxa3 Qa5+, 22.Kb2 Qa2+, 23.Kc1 Qa3+ 24.Kd2 Qxh3, 25.Re3 Qg2) ... Bc5, 22.c3 e5, 23.fxe5 fxe5, 24.Bg2 exd4, 25.cxd4 Bxg2, 26.Qxg2 Bd6, when Black emerges from the complications with an extra pawn and a bishop for a knight.
20.Nc1 Qb6
Stronger was exploiting the pin by 20....e5.
21.Ncb3 Be7
22.g5 a5
23.Bg2 a4
24.Bxd5 Rxd5
White lost on time in a losing position. 0-1
In another of the surviving games I was more successful.
White: John Knott
Black: David Armstrong
Event: Both players blindfold, Played at Worthing Chess Club, 16 May, 1975
Time Control: All moves in 25 minutes
Opening: A45: Blackmar-Diemer Gambit
1.d4 Nf6
2.f3 d5
3.e4 dxe4
4.Nc3 Bf5
5.g4 Bg6
6.g5 Nfd7
Alternatively, 6....Nd5, 7.Nxe4 e6, 8.h4 Be7, when White's advanced kingside pawns are vulnerable.
7.fxe4 e6
Instead, 7....e5! 8.h4 exd4, 9.Qxd4 Nc6, 10.Qf2 gave about equal chances.
8.Be3 ...
Better would have been 8.h4 when, e.g., Bb4, 9.Bg2 h5, 10.Ne2, with some advantage to White.
8. ... Bb4
9.Bg2 c6
10.Ne2 Na6
11.a3 Be7
12.Qd2 Qc7
13.O-O-O O-O-O
14.h4 ...
White has now established a clear advantage.
14.... Bh5
15.Qe1 Bxe2??
16.Qxe2 Qa5
17.Qf3 ...
Instead, 17.Qe1 would have protected the c3-knight in the event of ...Bxa3.
17. ... Rhf8
Also missing the win of the a-pawn.
18.Bf4 b5
19.d5 ...
Objectively better was 19.Nd5 cxd5, 20.exd5 Nb6, 21.d6, but in view of the match conditions the text move was good enough.
19. ... exd5
20.exd5
Black resigned. 1-0

Final Position after 20.exd5
One possible continuation would have been 20. ... Bxa3, 21.dxc6 Bxb2+, 22.Kxb2 Qb4+, 23.Ka1 Qa3+, 24.Na2 Qxf3, 25.cxd7+ Rxd7, 26.Bxf3, when White emerges with two extra pieces.
The following game from the match ended in a hair-raising draw, after both players made mistakes.
White: David Armstrong
Black: John Knott
Event: Both players blindfold, Played at Worthing Chess Club, 23 May, 1975
Time Control: All moves in 25 minutes
Opening: E76: King's Indian Defence, Four Pawns Attack
1.d4 Nf6
2.c4 g6
3.Nc3 Bg7
4.e4 d6
5.f4 O-O
6.Nf3 c5
7.dxc5 Qa5
8.Bd3 Qxc5
9.Qe2 b6
10.Be3 Qc7
11.O-O Na6
Another idea here would have been 11...Nbd7, for better control of the e5-square.
12.a3 Bb7
13.Bd2 Nc5
14.Bc2 a5
15.b4 axb4
16.axb4 Rxa1
17.Rxa1 Ra8??
Black has taken his eye off the c5-knight!
18.Rxa8 Bxa8
19.bxc5 Qxc5+
20.Be3 Qa5
21.Bd4 e5
22.fxe5 Nd7
23.Qd2 dxe5
24.Be3 Nc5
25.Bxc5 Qxc5+
26.Qf2 Qxc4
27.Qd2 Bh6??
Black has the bishop pair and two pawns against three minor pieces, so he needs to take desperate measures. The move played allows White a theoretical mate in four moves, but meanwhile the Black queen will have a clear field.
28.Qxh6 ...
The alternative was 28.Qd3, encouraging an exchange of queens.
28. ... Qxc3

Position after 28...Qxc3
29.h4? ...
White realises that if he plays 29.Ng5 immediately, he will be mated by ...Qe1#, so he creates some room for his king. But this gives Black chances. Instead, 29.Qd2 preserved White's advantage.
29. ... Qxc2
30.Ng5 ...
Now threatening mate in two moves.
30. ... Qc1+
After an uphill fight from losing his knight at move 19, Black aims purely for perpetual check as he now controls the dark squares around White's king. However, in doing so he misses an unexpected winning opportunity involving the exchange of queens, e.g. 30.... Qd1+!, 31.Kf2 Qh5!, 32.Qxh5 gxh5, 33.Ke3 f6, 34.Nf3 Kf7, 35.Nd2 Ke6, 36.Kd3 f5, 37.exf5+ Kxf5, 38.g3 b5 with a winning endgame.
31.Kh2 Qf4+
32.Kg1 Qc1+
Again there were winning prospects after 32...Bxe4, 33.Qxh7+ Kf8, 34.Qh8+ Ke7, 35,Qb8 Qe3+, 36.Kh2 Bc6, 37.Qa7+ Bd7, 38.Qa2 Qf4+, 39.g3 Qf5, 40.Kg1 Kf8 when the Black king will obtain shelter, allowing the bishop and two extra pawns to make progress.
33.Kh2 Qf4+
34.Kg1 Qe3+
35.Kh2
Draw agreed. ½ : ½
Some years later, when the Club had moved to a basement room at the Chatsworth Hotel, David sportingly agreed to take the black side in a game to test the Morra Gambit, in which I had become interested. For this game, which turned out to be the most violent of our encounters, we used a board and pieces and we both had our eyes very wide open.
White: John Knott
Black: David Armstrong
Event: Played at Worthing Chess Club, 1983
Opening: B21: Sicilian Defence, Morra Gambit - The first three moves agreed in advance.
1.e4 c5
2.d4 cxd4
3.c3 dxc3
4.Nxc3 a6
5.Nf3 e6
6.Bc4 Be7
7.O-O b5
8.Bb3 Bb7
9.Qe2 d6
10.Rd1 Nd7
11.Bf4 Qc7
12.Rac1 ...
At the slight cost of a pawn White has now completed his development and has his pieces on good squares, while Black's King remains in the centre. This calls for an immediate attack.
12. ... Qb8
13.Ng5!? ...
Aggressive, and with a particular idea in mind; but objectively even stronger was 13.e5. Now the fireworks start, with White sacrificing four of his pieces to create energy.
13. ... Bxg5
14.Bxd6! ...
This was White's plan, breaking down the Black King's defences.
14. ... Qa7
The task now is to open up the position further, regardless of the cost.
15.Nd5 ...
Giving Black a choice of captures.
15. ... Bxc1
Capturing the Knight with either the e-pawn or the b7-Bishop would have led to the opening of the e-file.
16.Nc7+ ...
Not with a view to capturing the Rook. White is interested in activity and getting at the Black King.
16. ... Kd8
17.Bxe6 ...
So as to complete the demolition of Black's defences with tempo from a Knight check.
17. ... fxe6
18.Nxe6+ Ke8
If, instead, ...Kc8, a good response would be 19.Qc2! Nc5, 20.Bxc5 when ...Qb8 allows mate in one move.
19.Nxg7+ Kf7
If, instead, 19. ...Kd8, then (with the g7-pawn missing) 20.Ne6+ Ke8, 21.Qh5 is mate, while 20....Kc8, 21.Qc2+ leads to a gain of material followed by an early mate.
20.Qh5+ Kxg7
21.Qg4+
Black resigned. 1-0

Final position, after 21.Qg4+
Had the game continued, one possible continuation would have been 21. ... Kh6, 22.Rd3 Be3, 23.Bf4 Bxf4, 24.Rh3 mate, when White's queen and single rook have overcome a virtually complete Black army. And if 22. ...Bg5 (instead of ...Be3), then 23.Rg3 Kg7, 24.Qxd7+ Kh6, 25.Qh3+ Kg6, 26.Qf5+ Kg7, 27.Be5+ Nf6, 28.Qxf6+ Kg8, 29.Qg7 mate.
From the early 1980s David and I, together with Roger Jacks, formerly of Worthing but then living in Peacehaven, met on Saturday afternoons at what was then Macari's Coffee Lounge near the Dome Cinema, for games (usually played between David and Roger) and for general conversation. Those meetings ran until early 2020, the last four years being without David, who died in 2016. We used a corner table at Macari's, and were known to regular patrons as The Chess Club. I occasionally sent postcards to the other two addressed that way when I was abroad.
David and Roger were both of a rather stubborn nature and they tended to concentrate on one opening at a time, both being determined to be its master. For example, at one stage David played the Milner Barry Gambit in the French Defence for six months or more, and later spent a similar time on the White side of From's Gambit in Bird's Opening. From time to time an amusing situation would occur, and David would laugh and laugh and laugh. He himself sometimes said that his epitaph would be "He died laughing." Sadly, that was not to be, as he contracted Leukaemia.
I remember David as a gentle, intelligent, and widely-read person, who although sociable was probably more at home in the countryside where he lived and worked. He often spoke with fondness of his time in the army during National Service. That was one of his common points with Roger, whose call-up time included involvement in the Suez Crisis in 1956. At Macari's, conversation would sometimes turn to the Club days at the Rivoli Cinema (which was at the north end of the High Street on a site now redeveloped), and to the members from that era. These included Major Balding, Leslie Head (who later ran a chess column in the Worthing Gazette), Dr Bokenham (whom I once played in the early 1950s in a match between the Club and Steyning Grammar School), Mr Chettle, Miss Bell and others. At the Rivoli, the Club playing area on a mezzanine floor had a Palm Court atmosphere, with boards at small tables with wicker chairs. In those days there was a quaint practice during afternoon matches with visiting clubs. At a convenient point in a game the home player would invite his opponent to take some refreshment, which involved leaving the Rivoli and walking a few yards down the High Street past an antique shop to a little café, for tea and a slice of cake.
© Copyright John Knott, 2024
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